Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Canada
Canada: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government was -0.8469 in 2031. ◆ Volatile
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Canada, 1980–2031
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
Canada recorded -0.8469 for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in 2031.
That represents a change of up 13.8% on the previous year and up 77.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Canada peaked at 5.76 in 1999 and was at its lowest, -10.45, in 2020.
That places Canada 29th out of 36 countries with data for 2031, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Canada, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1980 | -2.67 | — |
| 1981 | -2.21 | -17.3% |
| 1982 | -5.24 | +137.5% |
| 1983 | -6.24 | +19.0% |
| 1984 | -5.61 | -10.1% |
| 1985 | -5.72 | +1.9% |
| 1986 | -3.47 | -39.4% |
| 1987 | -1.66 | -52.1% |
| 1988 | -0.4184 | -74.8% |
| 1989 | -0.2178 | -47.9% |
| 1990 | -0.8575 | +293.6% |
| 1991 | -3.17 | +269.3% |
| 1992 | -3.97 | +25.5% |
| 1993 | -3.73 | -6.2% |
| 1994 | -1.87 | -49.9% |
| 1995 | 0.0847 | -104.5% |
| 1996 | 2.14 | +2428.7% |
| 1997 | 4.72 | +120.5% |
| 1998 | 4.8 | +1.7% |
| 1999 | 5.76 | +20.1% |
| 2000 | 5.66 | -1.8% |
| 2001 | 3.38 | -40.3% |
| 2002 | 2.26 | -33.3% |
| 2003 | 1.64 | -27.1% |
| 2004 | 2.26 | +37.3% |
| 2005 | 2.53 | +12.1% |
| 2006 | 2.41 | -4.8% |
| 2007 | 2.37 | -1.8% |
| 2008 | 0.4655 | -80.3% |
| 2009 | -2.78 | -696.3% |
| 2010 | -3.9 | +40.5% |
| 2011 | -2.7 | -30.8% |
| 2012 | -1.82 | -32.6% |
| 2013 | -0.9936 | -45.5% |
| 2014 | 0.4507 | -145.4% |
| 2015 | 0.5883 | +30.5% |
| 2016 | 0.1307 | -77.8% |
| 2017 | 0.0894 | -31.6% |
| 2018 | 0.4625 | +417.5% |
| 2019 | 0.1036 | -77.6% |
| 2020 | -10.45 | -10190.9% |
| 2021 | -3.7 | -64.6% |
| 2022 | 0.2073 | -105.6% |
| 2023 | -0.0378 | -118.2% |
| 2024 | -2.12 | +5496.3% |
| 2025 | -2.09 | -1.0% |
| 2026 | -2.43 | +16.1% |
| 2027 | -2.01 | -17.2% |
| 2028 | -1.57 | -22.1% |
| 2029 | -1.28 | -18.5% |
| 2030 | -0.9826 | -23.1% |
| 2031 | -0.8469 | -13.8% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | -3.35 | -6.24 | -0.2178 | 10 |
| 1990s | 0.3913 | -3.97 | 5.76 | 10 |
| 2000s | 2.02 | -2.78 | 5.66 | 10 |
| 2010s | -0.7591 | -3.9 | 0.5883 | 10 |
| 2020s | -2.55 | -10.45 | 0.2073 | 10 |
| 2030s | -0.9147 | -0.9826 | -0.8469 | 2 |
Countries ranked near Canada
More external debt data for Canada
- Other investment, Debt instruments 1.30 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 8.44 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 988.42 billion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 31,206 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 0.5603 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 0 (2008)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -1.46 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 7.87 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government -0.879 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 23,731 US dollar per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Canada?
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Canada was -0.8469 in 2031, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Canada?
- The highest recorded value was 5.76 in 1999.
- What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Canada?
- The lowest recorded value was -10.45 in 2020.
- How does Canada rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
- Canada ranks 29th out of 36 countries with data for 2031.
- Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in Canada?
- Over the last ten years it is up 77.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Canada data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The WHD Regional Economic Outlook (REO) provides information on recent economic developments and prospects for countries in the Western Hemisphere. Data for the Western Hemisphere REO are prepared in conjunction and are consistent with the semi-annual World Economic Outlook (WEO) exercises. REO aggregate data may differ from WEO aggregates due to differences in group membership. Composite data for country groups are weighted averages of data for individual countries. Arithmetic weighted averages are used for all concepts except for inflation and broad money, for which geometric averages are used. PPP GDP weights from the WEO database are used for the aggregation of real GDP growth, real non-oil GDP growth, real per capita GDP growth, investment, national savings, broad money, claims on the nonfinancial private sector, and real and nominal effective exchange rates. Aggregates for other concepts are weighted by GDP in U.S. dollars at market exchange rates.