Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP (9/26/2025) in India
India: Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP (9/26/2025) was 77.69 in 2031. ▲ Rising
Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP in India, 1991–2031
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
In 2031, gross debt, general government, percent of gdp in India stood at 77.69.
That represents a change of down 2.2% on the previous year and down 9.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross debt, general government, percent of gdp in India peaked at 90.56 in 2020 and was at its lowest, 67.13, in 1996.
That places India 5th out of 26 countries with data for 2031, putting it in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 41 years of available data.
Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP (9/26/2025) in India, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 76.65 | — |
| 1992 | 78.76 | +2.8% |
| 1993 | 78.33 | -0.6% |
| 1994 | 74.75 | -4.6% |
| 1995 | 70.88 | -5.2% |
| 1996 | 67.13 | -5.3% |
| 1997 | 69.01 | +2.8% |
| 1998 | 69.28 | +0.4% |
| 1999 | 71.27 | +2.9% |
| 2000 | 74.94 | +5.2% |
| 2001 | 80.11 | +6.9% |
| 2002 | 84.3 | +5.2% |
| 2003 | 85.88 | +1.9% |
| 2004 | 84.89 | -1.2% |
| 2005 | 82.38 | -3.0% |
| 2006 | 77.89 | -5.4% |
| 2007 | 75.41 | -3.2% |
| 2008 | 74.34 | -1.4% |
| 2009 | 72.73 | -2.2% |
| 2010 | 67.68 | -7.0% |
| 2011 | 68.7 | +1.5% |
| 2012 | 68.15 | -0.8% |
| 2013 | 68.02 | -0.2% |
| 2014 | 67.64 | -0.6% |
| 2015 | 69.76 | +3.1% |
| 2016 | 69.82 | +0.1% |
| 2017 | 70.78 | +1.4% |
| 2018 | 71.68 | +1.3% |
| 2019 | 76.67 | +7.0% |
| 2020 | 90.56 | +18.1% |
| 2021 | 85.71 | -5.4% |
| 2022 | 84.6 | -1.3% |
| 2023 | 85.01 | +0.5% |
| 2024 | 84.78 | -0.3% |
| 2025 | 84.07 | -0.8% |
| 2026 | 83.36 | -0.8% |
| 2027 | 82.55 | -1.0% |
| 2028 | 81.66 | -1.1% |
| 2029 | 80.61 | -1.3% |
| 2030 | 79.47 | -1.4% |
| 2031 | 77.69 | -2.2% |
India compared with similar countries
- India's 77.69 is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is 42.33, 1.8× the median. (5 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 72.9 | 67.13 | 78.76 | 9 |
| 2000s | 79.29 | 72.73 | 85.88 | 10 |
| 2010s | 69.89 | 67.64 | 76.67 | 10 |
| 2020s | 84.29 | 80.61 | 90.56 | 10 |
| 2030s | 78.58 | 77.69 | 79.47 | 2 |
Countries ranked near India
More external debt data for India
- Net financial flows, IBRD -778.70 million NFL, current US$ (2025)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per capita 1.1 NFL, US$ per person (2024)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per unit of GDP 0.0004 NFL, US$ per US$ of GDP (2024)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per square kilometre 51.04 NFL, US$ per square kilometre (2023)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per capita -1.42 NFL, current US$ per person (2024)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per unit of GDP -0.0005 NFL, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per square kilometre -611.93 NFL, current US$ per square kilometre (2023)
- Use of IMF credit 22.66 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
- External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) 252.90 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
- External debt stocks, long-term 590.08 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross debt, general government, percent of gdp in India?
- Gross debt, general government, percent of gdp in India was 77.69 in 2031, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest gross debt, general government, percent of gdp recorded in India?
- The highest recorded value was 90.56 in 2020.
- What is the lowest gross debt, general government, percent of gdp recorded in India?
- The lowest recorded value was 67.13 in 1996.
- How does India rank for gross debt, general government, percent of gdp?
- India ranks 5th out of 26 countries with data for 2031.
- Is gross debt, general government, percent of gdp rising or falling in India?
- Over the last ten years it is down 9.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this India data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP (9/26/2025). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database is created during the biannual WEO exercise, which begins in January and June of each year and results in the April and September/October WEO publication. Selected series from the publication are available in a database format.