Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP (Gross Percent GDP) in United Kingdom
United Kingdom: Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP (Gross Percent GDP) was 105.42 in 2030. ▲ Rising
Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP in United Kingdom, 1991–2030
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
United Kingdom recorded 105.42 for gross debt, general government, percent of gdp in 2030.
That represents a change of down 0.4% on the previous year and down 0.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross debt, general government, percent of gdp in United Kingdom peaked at 105.86 in 2029 and was at its lowest, 28.48, in 1991.
United Kingdom ranks 17th of 193 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 40 years of available data.
Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP (Gross Percent GDP) in United Kingdom, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 28.48 | — |
| 1992 | 33.23 | +16.7% |
| 1993 | 37.96 | +14.2% |
| 1994 | 40.72 | +7.3% |
| 1995 | 43.65 | +7.2% |
| 1996 | 43.71 | +0.1% |
| 1997 | 44.13 | +1.0% |
| 1998 | 41.97 | -4.9% |
| 1999 | 40.41 | -3.7% |
| 2000 | 37.69 | -6.7% |
| 2001 | 34.96 | -7.2% |
| 2002 | 35.43 | +1.4% |
| 2003 | 36.76 | +3.8% |
| 2004 | 39.8 | +8.3% |
| 2005 | 41 | +3.0% |
| 2006 | 42.06 | +2.6% |
| 2007 | 43.17 | +2.7% |
| 2008 | 50.83 | +17.7% |
| 2009 | 64.92 | +27.7% |
| 2010 | 75.86 | +16.9% |
| 2011 | 81.43 | +7.3% |
| 2012 | 84.48 | +3.8% |
| 2013 | 85.32 | +1.0% |
| 2014 | 87.09 | +2.1% |
| 2015 | 87.87 | +0.9% |
| 2016 | 87.83 | -0.0% |
| 2017 | 86.72 | -1.3% |
| 2018 | 86.35 | -0.4% |
| 2019 | 85.66 | -0.8% |
| 2020 | 105.84 | +23.6% |
| 2021 | 105.13 | -0.7% |
| 2022 | 99.61 | -5.2% |
| 2023 | 100.35 | +0.7% |
| 2024 | 101.23 | +0.9% |
| 2025 | 103.36 | +2.1% |
| 2026 | 104.77 | +1.4% |
| 2027 | 105.39 | +0.6% |
| 2028 | 105.83 | +0.4% |
| 2029 | 105.86 | +0.0% |
| 2030 | 105.42 | -0.4% |
United Kingdom compared with similar countries
- United Kingdom's 105.42 is above the median for high income countries, which is 54, 2.0× the median. (66 countries reporting)
- United Kingdom's 105.42 is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 47.87, 2.2× the median. (50 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP (Gross Percent GDP) in United Kingdom changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | +27.7% | 50.83 | 64.92 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 39.36 | 28.48 | 44.13 | 9 |
| 2000s | 42.66 | 34.96 | 64.92 | 10 |
| 2010s | 84.86 | 75.86 | 87.87 | 10 |
| 2020s | 103.74 | 99.61 | 105.86 | 10 |
| 2030s | 105.42 | 105.42 | 105.42 | 1 |
Countries ranked near United Kingdom
More external debt data for United Kingdom
- Other investment, Debt instruments 7.66 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 13.08 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 1.46 trillion US dollar (1998)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 110,234 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 1.91 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -2.24 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 6.59 % change on previous year (1998)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government 0.6703 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 24,920 US dollar per person (1998)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 0.8776 US dollar per US$ of GDP (1998)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross debt, general government, percent of gdp in United Kingdom?
- Gross debt, general government, percent of gdp in United Kingdom was 105.42 in 2030, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest gross debt, general government, percent of gdp recorded in United Kingdom?
- The highest recorded value was 105.86 in 2029.
- What is the lowest gross debt, general government, percent of gdp recorded in United Kingdom?
- The lowest recorded value was 28.48 in 1991.
- How does United Kingdom rank for gross debt, general government, percent of gdp?
- United Kingdom ranks 17th out of 193 countries with data for 2030.
- Is gross debt, general government, percent of gdp rising or falling in United Kingdom?
- Over the last ten years it is down 0.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this United Kingdom data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Fiscal Monitor (FM) 2025 October