Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Australia

Australia: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government was -19.80 billion in 2031. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2031)
-19.80 billion
Change on year
down 0.8%
World rank
15th
of 24 countries
All-time high
15.26 billion
in 2006
All-time low
-154.53 billion
in 2020
Years of data
42
1990–2031

Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Australia, 1990–2031

-150.0B-100.0B-50.0B01990201020311990: 7.8B1991: -4.1B1992: -13.5B1993: -13.2B1994: -8.6B1995: -2.5B1996: 3.1B1997: 7.0B1998: 6.9B1999: 10.5B2000: 13.2B2001: 5.0B2002: 6.7B2003: 11.1B2004: 11.7B2005: 15.1B2006: 15.3B2007: 14.5B2008: -14.0B2009: -57.2B2010: -66.6B2011: -60.0B2012: -43.4B2013: -32.5B2014: -33.6B2015: -30.7B2016: -25.8B2017: -15.3B2018: -7.8B2019: -71.5B2020: -154.5B2021: -121.6B2022: -36.4B2023: -14.0B2024: -37.3B2025: -49.0B2026: -40.4B2027: -32.7B2028: -30.6B2029: -24.4B2030: -19.6B2031: -19.8B

Source: International Monetary Fund.

Analysis

The most recent figure for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Australia is -19.80 billion, measured in 2031.

That represents a change of down 0.8% on the previous year and up 83.7% over ten years.

Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Australia peaked at 15.26 billion in 2006 and was at its lowest, -154.53 billion, in 2020.

That places Australia 15th out of 24 countries with data for 2031, putting it in the middle of the range.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Australia, year by year

Annual values for Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025) in Australia, 1990 to 2031.
Year Value Change
1990 7.76 billion
1991 -4.07 billion -152.5%
1992 -13.47 billion +230.8%
1993 -13.17 billion -2.2%
1994 -8.61 billion -34.6%
1995 -2.55 billion -70.4%
1996 3.08 billion -220.9%
1997 6.99 billion +126.9%
1998 6.92 billion -1.0%
1999 10.51 billion +51.8%
2000 13.24 billion +26.0%
2001 5.02 billion -62.1%
2002 6.66 billion +32.6%
2003 11.15 billion +67.4%
2004 11.74 billion +5.3%
2005 15.08 billion +28.5%
2006 15.26 billion +1.2%
2007 14.53 billion -4.7%
2008 -13.98 billion -196.2%
2009 -57.23 billion +309.3%
2010 -66.60 billion +16.4%
2011 -59.97 billion -10.0%
2012 -43.45 billion -27.5%
2013 -32.54 billion -25.1%
2014 -33.56 billion +3.1%
2015 -30.66 billion -8.6%
2016 -25.83 billion -15.8%
2017 -15.27 billion -40.9%
2018 -7.82 billion -48.8%
2019 -71.50 billion +814.5%
2020 -154.53 billion +116.1%
2021 -121.60 billion -21.3%
2022 -36.39 billion -70.1%
2023 -14.05 billion -61.4%
2024 -37.34 billion +165.8%
2025 -49.01 billion +31.3%
2026 -40.44 billion -17.5%
2027 -32.66 billion -19.2%
2028 -30.61 billion -6.3%
2029 -24.37 billion -20.4%
2030 -19.64 billion -19.4%
2031 -19.80 billion +0.8%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s -660.88 million -13.47 billion 10.51 billion 10
2000s 2.15 billion -57.23 billion 15.26 billion 10
2010s -38.72 billion -71.50 billion -7.82 billion 10
2020s -54.10 billion -154.53 billion -14.05 billion 10
2030s -19.72 billion -19.80 billion -19.64 billion 2

Countries ranked near Australia

  1. 12 Brunei -2.41 billion compare
  2. 13 Lithuania -3.63 billion compare
  3. 14 Maldives -4.91 billion compare
  4. 16 Hong Kong -34.60 billion compare
  5. 17 Poland -109.06 billion compare
  6. 18 Saudi Arabia -136.00 billion compare

See the full ranking of 24 places →

More external debt data for Australia

All data for Australia →

Frequently asked questions

What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Australia?
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Australia was -19.80 billion in 2031, according to International Monetary Fund.
What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Australia?
The highest recorded value was 15.26 billion in 2006.
What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Australia?
The lowest recorded value was -154.53 billion in 2020.
How does Australia rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
Australia ranks 15th out of 24 countries with data for 2031.
Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in Australia?
Over the last ten years it is up 83.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Australia data come from?
The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Australia. Statizoid, drawing on International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 01 September 2026, from https://debt.statizoid.com/stat/primary-net-lending-net-borrowing-general-government-domestic-currency-9-26-2025/australia/

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About this data

Indicator
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025)
Source
International Monetary Fund
Licence
IMF Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage
24 places, 929 data points, 1980–2031
Last refreshed

The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database is created during the biannual WEO exercise, which begins in January and June of each year and results in the April and September/October WEO publication. Selected series from the publication are available in a database format.