Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025) by country
The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database is created during the biannual WEO exercise, which begins in January and June of each year and results in the April and September/October WEO publication. Selected series from the publication are available in a database format.
What the numbers show
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025) is currently reported for 24 countries. The highest value is 1.34 trillion in Egypt; the lowest is -35,211.60 trillion in Iran.
The median across all reporting countries is -3.02 billion, and the mean is -1,469.48 trillion.
Over the past decade 15 countries rose and 9 fell. The largest increase was in Dominican Republic (up 1,946.4%), and the largest decrease in Iran (down 2,339.6%).
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Egypt | 1.34 trillion | 2031 | up 1,776.1% | volatile |
| 2 | Dominican Republic | 194.46 billion | 2031 | up 1,946.4% | volatile |
| 3 | Nigeria | 177.02 billion | 2031 | up 103.4% | volatile |
| 4 | United Arab Emirates | 151.53 billion | 2031 | up 129.3% | volatile |
| 5 | Ghana | 29.78 billion | 2031 | up 235.2% | volatile |
| 6 | Spain | 8.18 billion | 2031 | up 114.0% | volatile |
| 7 | Honduras | 975.05 million | 2031 | up 107.2% | volatile |
| 8 | Montenegro | -161.75 million | 2031 | down 429.8% | volatile |
| 9 | Latvia | -1.50 billion | 2031 | up 5.8% | volatile |
| 10 | Estonia | -1.60 billion | 2031 | down 99.5% | volatile |
| 11 | Ecuador | -2.27 billion | 2025 | up 63.5% | volatile |
| 12 | Brunei | -2.41 billion | 2031 | down 53.2% | volatile |
| 13 | Lithuania | -3.63 billion | 2031 | down 822.3% | volatile |
| 14 | Maldives | -4.91 billion | 2031 | up 47.5% | volatile |
| 15 | Australia | -19.80 billion | 2031 | up 83.7% | volatile |
| 16 | Hong Kong | -34.60 billion | 2031 | up 56.6% | volatile |
| 17 | Poland | -109.06 billion | 2031 | down 604.5% | volatile |
| 18 | Saudi Arabia | -136.00 billion | 2031 | down 105.9% | volatile |
| 19 | Thailand | -180.59 billion | 2031 | up 79.3% | volatile |
| 20 | Turkey | -555.12 billion | 2031 | down 520.2% | volatile |
| 21 | India | -9.71 trillion | 2031 | up 3.4% | volatile |
| 22 | Japan | -18.03 trillion | 2031 | up 45.2% | volatile |
| 23 | South Korea | -29.09 trillion | 2031 | down 228.2% | volatile |
| 24 | Iran | -35,211.60 trillion | 2031 | down 2,339.6% | volatile |
About this data
The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database is created during the biannual WEO exercise, which begins in January and June of each year and results in the April and September/October WEO publication. Selected series from the publication are available in a database format.