Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in South Korea

South Korea: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government was -29.09 trillion in 2031. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2031)
-29.09 trillion
Change on year
up 0.6%
World rank
23rd
of 24 countries
All-time high
40.78 trillion
in 2018
All-time low
-52.65 trillion
in 2020
Years of data
37
1995–2031

Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in South Korea, 1995–2031

-60.0T-40.0T-20.0T020.0T40.0T1995201320311995: 11.7T1996: 13.6T1997: 15.2T1998: 9.5T1999: 12.9T2000: 17.1T2001: 10.5T2002: 16.6T2003: 4.2T2004: -6.2T2005: 4.5T2006: 5.9T2007: 19.9T2008: 13.7T2009: -5.4T2010: 12.4T2011: 14.8T2012: 18.0T2013: 5.8T2014: 2.7T2015: 3.2T2016: 23.7T2017: 33.8T2018: 40.8T2019: -2.8T2020: -52.6T2021: -8.9T2022: -40.2T2023: -17.9T2024: -18.0T2025: -39.6T2026: -40.0T2027: -36.5T2028: -34.7T2029: -29.1T2030: -29.3T2031: -29.1T

Source: International Monetary Fund.

Analysis

South Korea recorded -29.09 trillion for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in 2031.

Compared with earlier readings it is up 0.6% on the previous year and down 228.2% over ten years.

Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in South Korea peaked at 40.78 trillion in 2018 and was at its lowest, -52.65 trillion, in 2020.

That places South Korea 23rd out of 24 countries with data for 2031, putting it in the bottom quarter.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in South Korea, year by year

Annual values for Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025) in South Korea, 1995 to 2031.
Year Value Change
1995 11.71 trillion
1996 13.64 trillion +16.4%
1997 15.23 trillion +11.7%
1998 9.47 trillion -37.8%
1999 12.91 trillion +36.3%
2000 17.09 trillion +32.5%
2001 10.50 trillion -38.6%
2002 16.56 trillion +57.8%
2003 4.24 trillion -74.4%
2004 -6.19 trillion -245.9%
2005 4.48 trillion -172.4%
2006 5.95 trillion +32.9%
2007 19.94 trillion +235.2%
2008 13.65 trillion -31.5%
2009 -5.37 trillion -139.3%
2010 12.37 trillion -330.6%
2011 14.82 trillion +19.8%
2012 18.01 trillion +21.6%
2013 5.75 trillion -68.1%
2014 2.68 trillion -53.4%
2015 3.16 trillion +17.8%
2016 23.65 trillion +649.4%
2017 33.84 trillion +43.1%
2018 40.78 trillion +20.5%
2019 -2.77 trillion -106.8%
2020 -52.65 trillion +1800.8%
2021 -8.86 trillion -83.2%
2022 -40.18 trillion +353.4%
2023 -17.88 trillion -55.5%
2024 -17.96 trillion +0.4%
2025 -39.62 trillion +120.7%
2026 -40.01 trillion +1.0%
2027 -36.51 trillion -8.7%
2028 -34.67 trillion -5.0%
2029 -29.05 trillion -16.2%
2030 -29.27 trillion +0.8%
2031 -29.09 trillion -0.6%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 12.59 trillion 9.47 trillion 15.23 trillion 5
2000s 8.09 trillion -6.19 trillion 19.94 trillion 10
2010s 15.23 trillion -2.77 trillion 40.78 trillion 10
2020s -31.74 trillion -52.65 trillion -8.86 trillion 10
2030s -29.18 trillion -29.27 trillion -29.09 trillion 2

Countries ranked near South Korea

  1. 20 Turkey -555.12 billion compare
  2. 21 India -9.71 trillion compare
  3. 22 Japan -18.03 trillion compare
  4. 24 Iran -35,211.60 trillion compare

See the full ranking of 24 places →

More external debt data for South Korea

All data for South Korea →

Frequently asked questions

What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in South Korea?
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in South Korea was -29.09 trillion in 2031, according to International Monetary Fund.
What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in South Korea?
The highest recorded value was 40.78 trillion in 2018.
What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in South Korea?
The lowest recorded value was -52.65 trillion in 2020.
How does South Korea rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
South Korea ranks 23rd out of 24 countries with data for 2031.
Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in South Korea?
Over the last ten years it is down 228.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this South Korea data come from?
The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in South Korea. Statizoid, drawing on International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 02 September 2026, from https://debt.statizoid.com/stat/primary-net-lending-net-borrowing-general-government-domestic-currency-9-26-2025/korea-rep/

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About this data

Indicator
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025)
Source
International Monetary Fund
Licence
IMF Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage
24 places, 929 data points, 1980–2031
Last refreshed

The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database is created during the biannual WEO exercise, which begins in January and June of each year and results in the April and September/October WEO publication. Selected series from the publication are available in a database format.