Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Brunei
Brunei: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP was -9.35 in 2030. ◆ Volatile
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Brunei, 1991–2030
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
Brunei recorded -9.35 for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in 2030.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 6.4% on the previous year and up 40.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Brunei peaked at 36.14 in 2008 and was at its lowest, -24, in 1998.
That places Brunei 184th out of 188 countries with data for 2030, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Brunei, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | -1.06 | — |
| 1992 | -8.28 | +680.9% |
| 1993 | -12.77 | +54.2% |
| 1994 | -22.55 | +76.6% |
| 1995 | -19.79 | -12.2% |
| 1996 | -8.7 | -56.0% |
| 1997 | -11.79 | +35.5% |
| 1998 | -24 | +103.5% |
| 1999 | -18.25 | -23.9% |
| 2000 | 6.86 | -137.6% |
| 2001 | 2.59 | -62.3% |
| 2002 | -4.61 | -278.5% |
| 2003 | 8.06 | -274.7% |
| 2004 | 8.57 | +6.3% |
| 2005 | 16.01 | +86.9% |
| 2006 | 19.78 | +23.6% |
| 2007 | 3.12 | -84.2% |
| 2008 | 36.14 | +1058.8% |
| 2009 | 3.61 | -90.0% |
| 2010 | 7.61 | +110.9% |
| 2011 | 25.63 | +236.7% |
| 2012 | 15.79 | -38.4% |
| 2013 | 13.03 | -17.5% |
| 2014 | 3.58 | -72.5% |
| 2015 | -14.52 | -506.1% |
| 2016 | -21.68 | +49.3% |
| 2017 | -10.4 | -52.0% |
| 2018 | -3.59 | -65.5% |
| 2019 | -3.69 | +2.8% |
| 2020 | -15.77 | +327.6% |
| 2021 | -8.16 | -48.2% |
| 2022 | 2.53 | -131.0% |
| 2023 | -10.86 | -529.1% |
| 2024 | -10.2 | -6.1% |
| 2025 | -11.07 | +8.6% |
| 2026 | -11.46 | +3.5% |
| 2027 | -10.93 | -4.6% |
| 2028 | -10.79 | -1.3% |
| 2029 | -9.99 | -7.4% |
| 2030 | -9.35 | -6.4% |
Brunei compared with similar countries
- Brunei's -9.35 is below the median for high income countries, which is -0.7398, 12.6× the median. (62 countries reporting)
- Brunei's -9.35 is below the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is -1.01, 9.2× the median. (27 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Brunei changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | +1058.8% | 3.12 | 36.14 |
| 1992 | -680.9% | -1.06 | -8.28 |
| 2023 | -529.1% | 2.53 | -10.86 |
| 2015 | -506.1% | 3.58 | -14.52 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -14.13 | -24 | -1.06 | 9 |
| 2000s | 10.01 | -4.61 | 36.14 | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.18 | -21.68 | 25.63 | 10 |
| 2020s | -9.67 | -15.77 | 2.53 | 10 |
| 2030s | -9.35 | -9.35 | -9.35 | 1 |
Countries ranked near Brunei
More external debt data for Brunei
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 730.81 million (2025)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -9.35 (2030)
- Gross debt, General government, Percent of fiscal year GDP 2.81 (2015)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 9.97 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP 1.82 (2030)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 1,567 units per person (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 0.0486 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 113.75 million (2025)
- Direct investment, Net (net acquisition of financial assets less net) -29.06 million (2024)
- Direct investment, Net incurrence of liabilities, Liabilities 29.06 million (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Brunei?
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Brunei was -9.35 in 2030, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Brunei?
- The highest recorded value was 36.14 in 2008.
- What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Brunei?
- The lowest recorded value was -24 in 1998.
- How does Brunei rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
- Brunei ranks 184th out of 188 countries with data for 2030.
- Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in Brunei?
- Over the last ten years it is up 40.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Brunei data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Fiscal Monitor (FM) 2025 October