Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP in Japan
Japan: Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP was 129.89 in 2030. ▲ Rising
Latest (2030)
129.89
Change on year
up 1.0%
World rank
1st
of 90 countries
All-time high
161.96
in 2020
All-time low
17.3
in 1991
Years of data
40
1991–2030
Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP in Japan, 1991–2030
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
In 2030, net debt, general government, percent of gdp in Japan stood at 129.89.
That represents a change of up 1.0% on the previous year and down 19.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net debt, general government, percent of gdp in Japan peaked at 161.96 in 2020 and was at its lowest, 17.3, in 1991.
That places Japan 1st out of 90 countries with data for 2030, putting it in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 40 years of available data.
Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP in Japan, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 17.3 | — |
| 1992 | 19.39 | +12.1% |
| 1993 | 23.67 | +22.0% |
| 1994 | 29.58 | +25.0% |
| 1995 | 34.29 | +15.9% |
| 1996 | 39.12 | +14.1% |
| 1997 | 44.92 | +14.8% |
| 1998 | 54.21 | +20.7% |
| 1999 | 63.4 | +17.0% |
| 2000 | 67.77 | +6.9% |
| 2001 | 74.57 | +10.0% |
| 2002 | 83.51 | +12.0% |
| 2003 | 89.53 | +7.2% |
| 2004 | 94.2 | +5.2% |
| 2005 | 94.06 | -0.2% |
| 2006 | 93.14 | -1.0% |
| 2007 | 94.4 | +1.4% |
| 2008 | 105.66 | +11.9% |
| 2009 | 120.29 | +13.8% |
| 2010 | 128.9 | +7.2% |
| 2011 | 139.92 | +8.6% |
| 2012 | 143.99 | +2.9% |
| 2013 | 142.75 | -0.9% |
| 2014 | 144.94 | +1.5% |
| 2015 | 144.45 | -0.3% |
| 2016 | 149.5 | +3.5% |
| 2017 | 148.07 | -1.0% |
| 2018 | 151.14 | +2.1% |
| 2019 | 151.62 | +0.3% |
| 2020 | 161.96 | +6.8% |
| 2021 | 156.03 | -3.7% |
| 2022 | 149.48 | -4.2% |
| 2023 | 136.32 | -8.8% |
| 2024 | 133.88 | -1.8% |
| 2025 | 130.13 | -2.8% |
| 2026 | 128.86 | -1.0% |
| 2027 | 128.05 | -0.6% |
| 2028 | 127.97 | -0.1% |
| 2029 | 128.59 | +0.5% |
| 2030 | 129.89 | +1.0% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 36.21 | 17.3 | 63.4 | 9 |
| 2000s | 91.71 | 67.77 | 120.29 | 10 |
| 2010s | 144.53 | 128.9 | 151.62 | 10 |
| 2020s | 138.13 | 127.97 | 161.96 | 10 |
| 2030s | 129.89 | 129.89 | 129.89 | 1 |
Countries ranked near Japan
More external debt data for Japan
- Other investment, Debt instruments 2.12 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 3.7 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 1.10 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 17,154 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 0.4772 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 2.04 trillion (2025)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -4.4 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 2.2 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government -2.48 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 8,935 US dollar per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net debt, general government, percent of gdp in Japan?
- Net debt, general government, percent of gdp in Japan was 129.89 in 2030, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest net debt, general government, percent of gdp recorded in Japan?
- The highest recorded value was 161.96 in 2020.
- What is the lowest net debt, general government, percent of gdp recorded in Japan?
- The lowest recorded value was 17.3 in 1991.
- How does Japan rank for net debt, general government, percent of gdp?
- Japan ranks 1st out of 90 countries with data for 2030.
- Is net debt, general government, percent of gdp rising or falling in Japan?
- Over the last ten years it is down 19.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Japan data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Fiscal Monitor (FM) 2025 October