Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Spain
Spain: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic was -47.25 billion in 2031. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Spain, 1980–2031
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
In 2031, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Spain stood at -47.25 billion.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 4.0% on the previous year and up 42.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Spain peaked at 21.32 billion in 2006 and was at its lowest, -120.58 billion, in 2009.
Spain ranks 12th of 26 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Spain, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1980 | -2.01 billion | — |
| 1981 | -2.71 billion | +34.6% |
| 1982 | -7.12 billion | +163.1% |
| 1983 | -7.00 billion | -1.7% |
| 1984 | -8.96 billion | +28.1% |
| 1985 | -12.60 billion | +40.6% |
| 1986 | -12.53 billion | -0.6% |
| 1987 | -7.73 billion | -38.3% |
| 1988 | -8.90 billion | +15.1% |
| 1989 | -8.78 billion | -1.4% |
| 1990 | -12.77 billion | +45.5% |
| 1991 | -16.45 billion | +28.9% |
| 1992 | -16.50 billion | +0.3% |
| 1993 | -27.78 billion | +68.4% |
| 1994 | -27.00 billion | -2.8% |
| 1995 | -31.27 billion | +15.8% |
| 1996 | -28.68 billion | -8.3% |
| 1997 | -20.03 billion | -30.2% |
| 1998 | -14.59 billion | -27.1% |
| 1999 | -7.38 billion | -49.4% |
| 2000 | -7.52 billion | +1.9% |
| 2001 | -3.19 billion | -57.6% |
| 2002 | -2.37 billion | -25.6% |
| 2003 | -3.01 billion | +26.7% |
| 2004 | -818.00 million | -72.8% |
| 2005 | 11.42 billion | -1496.2% |
| 2006 | 21.32 billion | +86.7% |
| 2007 | 20.29 billion | -4.9% |
| 2008 | -50.73 billion | -350.1% |
| 2009 | -120.58 billion | +137.7% |
| 2010 | -102.19 billion | -15.2% |
| 2011 | -103.61 billion | +1.4% |
| 2012 | -119.10 billion | +15.0% |
| 2013 | -76.84 billion | -35.5% |
| 2014 | -63.10 billion | -17.9% |
| 2015 | -57.23 billion | -9.3% |
| 2016 | -47.89 billion | -16.3% |
| 2017 | -36.23 billion | -24.4% |
| 2018 | -31.22 billion | -13.8% |
| 2019 | -38.12 billion | +22.1% |
| 2020 | -113.20 billion | +197.0% |
| 2021 | -82.26 billion | -27.3% |
| 2022 | -63.10 billion | -23.3% |
| 2023 | -50.03 billion | -20.7% |
| 2024 | -51.27 billion | +2.5% |
| 2025 | -42.07 billion | -17.9% |
| 2026 | -36.66 billion | -12.9% |
| 2027 | -42.08 billion | +14.8% |
| 2028 | -42.27 billion | +0.5% |
| 2029 | -43.72 billion | +3.4% |
| 2030 | -45.43 billion | +3.9% |
| 2031 | -47.25 billion | +4.0% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | -7.84 billion | -12.60 billion | -2.01 billion | 10 |
| 1990s | -20.24 billion | -31.27 billion | -7.38 billion | 10 |
| 2000s | -13.52 billion | -120.58 billion | 21.32 billion | 10 |
| 2010s | -67.55 billion | -119.10 billion | -31.22 billion | 10 |
| 2020s | -56.67 billion | -113.20 billion | -36.66 billion | 10 |
| 2030s | -46.34 billion | -47.25 billion | -45.43 billion | 2 |
Countries ranked near Spain
More external debt data for Spain
- Other investment, Debt instruments 1.18 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 24.9 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 727.36 billion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 23,915 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 0.6191 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 130.05 billion (2024)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -2.02 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 27.17 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government 0.6025 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 14,737 US dollar per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Spain?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Spain was -47.25 billion in 2031, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 21.32 billion in 2006.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was -120.58 billion in 2009.
- How does Spain rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic?
- Spain ranks 12th out of 26 countries with data for 2031.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is up 42.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database is created during the biannual WEO exercise, which begins in January and June of each year and results in the April and September/October WEO publication. Selected series from the publication are available in a database format.