Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Spain
Spain: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government was 0.6025 in 2030. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2030)
0.6025
Change on year
up 13.7%
World rank
64th
of 188 countries
All-time high
3.38
in 2006
All-time low
-9.92
in 2009
Years of data
40
1991–2030
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Spain, 1991–2030
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
The most recent figure for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Spain is 0.6025, measured in 2030.
The figure is up 13.7% on the previous year and up 107.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Spain peaked at 3.38 in 2006 and was at its lowest, -9.92, in 2009.
Spain ranks 64th of 188 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Spain, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | -1.55 | — |
| 1992 | -0.6665 | -57.1% |
| 1993 | -2.55 | +282.2% |
| 1994 | -2.28 | -10.4% |
| 1995 | -2.38 | +4.4% |
| 1996 | -1.35 | -43.3% |
| 1997 | 0.2162 | -116.0% |
| 1998 | 1.01 | +367.1% |
| 1999 | 1.85 | +83.7% |
| 2000 | 1.65 | -11.2% |
| 2001 | 2.03 | +23.6% |
| 2002 | 1.95 | -4.4% |
| 2003 | 1.64 | -15.8% |
| 2004 | 1.66 | +1.1% |
| 2005 | 2.72 | +64.0% |
| 2006 | 3.38 | +24.3% |
| 2007 | 2.95 | -12.5% |
| 2008 | -3.53 | -219.4% |
| 2009 | -9.92 | +181.5% |
| 2010 | -7.97 | -19.7% |
| 2011 | -7.74 | -2.9% |
| 2012 | -8.96 | +15.8% |
| 2013 | -4.53 | -49.5% |
| 2014 | -3.09 | -31.7% |
| 2015 | -2.68 | -13.4% |
| 2016 | -1.88 | -29.6% |
| 2017 | -0.8657 | -54.1% |
| 2018 | -0.3995 | -53.9% |
| 2019 | -1 | +150.6% |
| 2020 | -8 | +699.1% |
| 2021 | -4.72 | -41.0% |
| 2022 | -2.54 | -46.3% |
| 2023 | -1.73 | -31.7% |
| 2024 | -1.34 | -22.9% |
| 2025 | -0.5778 | -56.7% |
| 2026 | 0.0144 | -102.5% |
| 2027 | 0.1358 | +843.0% |
| 2028 | 0.353 | +159.9% |
| 2029 | 0.5299 | +50.1% |
| 2030 | 0.6025 | +13.7% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -0.8563 | -2.55 | 1.85 | 9 |
| 2000s | 0.4516 | -9.92 | 3.38 | 10 |
| 2010s | -3.91 | -8.96 | -0.3995 | 10 |
| 2020s | -1.79 | -8 | 0.5299 | 10 |
| 2030s | 0.6025 | 0.6025 | 0.6025 | 1 |
Countries ranked near Spain
- 61 Portugal 0.6756 compare
- 62 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 0.6703 compare
- 63 South Africa 0.6301 compare
- 65 Albania 0.5274 compare
- 66 Puerto Rico 0.4896 compare
- 67 Kenya 0.4847 compare
More external debt data for Spain
- Other investment, Debt instruments 1.18 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 24.9 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 727.36 billion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 23,915 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 0.6191 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 130.05 billion (2024)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -2.02 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 27.17 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 14,737 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 0.3815 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Spain?
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Spain was 0.6025 in 2030, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 3.38 in 2006.
- What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was -9.92 in 2009.
- How does Spain rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
- Spain ranks 64th out of 188 countries with data for 2030.
- Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is up 107.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 40 observations, free to reuse under IMF Terms and Conditions (attribution required).
About this data
Fiscal Monitor (FM) 2025 October