Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Cape Verde
Cape Verde: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP was 1.25 in 2030. ◆ Volatile
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Cape Verde, 1995–2030
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
The most recent figure for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Cape Verde is 1.25, measured in 2030.
The figure is down 3.7% on the previous year and up 118.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Cape Verde peaked at 1.93 in 2023 and was at its lowest, -13.84, in 2000.
Cape Verde ranks 52nd of 188 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Cape Verde, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | -10.91 | — |
| 1996 | -9.43 | -13.5% |
| 1997 | -8.44 | -10.5% |
| 1998 | -0.8581 | -89.8% |
| 1999 | -10.66 | +1142.7% |
| 2000 | -13.84 | +29.8% |
| 2001 | -4.55 | -67.1% |
| 2002 | -5.05 | +11.1% |
| 2003 | -2.55 | -49.5% |
| 2004 | -1.38 | -46.0% |
| 2005 | -3.42 | +147.9% |
| 2006 | -3.27 | -4.2% |
| 2007 | 0.0998 | -103.0% |
| 2008 | -0.3883 | -488.9% |
| 2009 | -4.54 | +1069.2% |
| 2010 | -8.29 | +82.6% |
| 2011 | -5.69 | -31.3% |
| 2012 | -7.8 | +37.1% |
| 2013 | -6.87 | -11.9% |
| 2014 | -5.2 | -24.4% |
| 2015 | -1.8 | -65.4% |
| 2016 | -0.4572 | -74.6% |
| 2017 | -0.3328 | -27.2% |
| 2018 | -0.1315 | -60.5% |
| 2019 | 0.5764 | -538.4% |
| 2020 | -6.67 | -1257.2% |
| 2021 | -5.32 | -20.2% |
| 2022 | -2.01 | -62.2% |
| 2023 | 1.93 | -196.0% |
| 2024 | 1.28 | -33.9% |
| 2025 | 0.4416 | -65.4% |
| 2026 | 1.02 | +129.9% |
| 2027 | 1.06 | +4.0% |
| 2028 | 1.24 | +17.8% |
| 2029 | 1.3 | +4.4% |
| 2030 | 1.25 | -3.7% |
Cape Verde compared with similar countries
- Cape Verde's 1.25 is above the median for upper middle income countries, which is 0.0281, 44.5× the median. (55 countries reporting)
- Cape Verde's 1.25 is above the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is -0.1097. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Cape Verde changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | -1257.2% | 0.5764 | -6.67 |
| 1999 | -1142.7% | -0.8581 | -10.66 |
| 2009 | -1069.2% | -0.3883 | -4.54 |
| 2019 | +538.4% | -0.1315 | 0.5764 |
| 2008 | -488.9% | 0.0998 | -0.3883 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -8.06 | -10.91 | -0.8581 | 5 |
| 2000s | -3.89 | -13.84 | 0.0998 | 10 |
| 2010s | -3.6 | -8.29 | 0.5764 | 10 |
| 2020s | -0.5739 | -6.67 | 1.93 | 10 |
| 2030s | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1 |
Countries ranked near Cape Verde
More external debt data for Cape Verde
- Net financial flows, IBRD 176,000 NFL, current US$ (2025)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per capita 1.76 NFL, US$ per person (2024)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per unit of GDP 0.0003 NFL, US$ per US$ of GDP (2024)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per square kilometre 6,183 NFL, US$ per square kilometre (2023)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per capita 69.35 NFL, current US$ per person (2024)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per unit of GDP 0.0134 NFL, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per square kilometre 12,385 NFL, current US$ per square kilometre (2023)
- Use of IMF credit 145.36 million DOD, current US$ (2025)
- External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) 2.00 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
- External debt stocks, long-term 2.00 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Cape Verde?
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Cape Verde was 1.25 in 2030, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Cape Verde?
- The highest recorded value was 1.93 in 2023.
- What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Cape Verde?
- The lowest recorded value was -13.84 in 2000.
- How does Cape Verde rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
- Cape Verde ranks 52nd out of 188 countries with data for 2030.
- Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in Cape Verde?
- Over the last ten years it is up 118.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Cape Verde data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Fiscal Monitor (FM) 2025 October