Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Madagascar
Madagascar: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP was -2.87 in 2030. ◆ Volatile
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Madagascar, 1991–2030
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
In 2030, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Madagascar stood at -2.87.
The figure is up 3.0% on the previous year and up 11.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Madagascar peaked at 0.5322 in 1997 and was at its lowest, -4.91, in 2022.
That places Madagascar 164th out of 188 countries with data for 2030, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Madagascar, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | -2.73 | — |
| 1992 | -2.24 | -18.2% |
| 1993 | -3.02 | +34.9% |
| 1994 | -2.68 | -11.2% |
| 1995 | -0.8858 | -66.9% |
| 1996 | -0.1802 | -79.7% |
| 1997 | 0.5322 | -395.3% |
| 1998 | -3 | -662.9% |
| 1999 | -0.5874 | -80.4% |
| 2000 | -0.3982 | -32.2% |
| 2001 | -1.96 | +392.9% |
| 2002 | -2.29 | +16.6% |
| 2003 | -1.42 | -38.0% |
| 2004 | -1.7 | +19.9% |
| 2005 | -0.2032 | -88.1% |
| 2006 | -3.63 | +1687.9% |
| 2007 | -1.33 | -63.3% |
| 2008 | -1.03 | -22.9% |
| 2009 | -1.58 | +53.5% |
| 2010 | -0.0515 | -96.7% |
| 2011 | -1.32 | +2455.6% |
| 2012 | -1.63 | +23.7% |
| 2013 | -2.82 | +73.6% |
| 2014 | -1.49 | -47.3% |
| 2015 | -2.16 | +44.8% |
| 2016 | -0.3678 | -82.9% |
| 2017 | -1.41 | +282.7% |
| 2018 | -0.5689 | -59.6% |
| 2019 | -0.7232 | +27.1% |
| 2020 | -3.23 | +346.0% |
| 2021 | -2.18 | -32.3% |
| 2022 | -4.91 | +124.8% |
| 2023 | -3.49 | -28.9% |
| 2024 | -1.85 | -46.9% |
| 2025 | -2.91 | +56.8% |
| 2026 | -2.97 | +2.1% |
| 2027 | -3 | +1.1% |
| 2028 | -3.01 | +0.4% |
| 2029 | -2.96 | -1.7% |
| 2030 | -2.87 | -3.0% |
Madagascar compared with similar countries
- Madagascar's -2.87 is below the median for low income countries, which is -0.485, 5.9× the median. (24 countries reporting)
- Madagascar's -2.87 is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is -0.1097, 26.2× the median. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Madagascar changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | -2455.6% | -0.0515 | -1.32 |
| 2006 | -1687.9% | -0.2032 | -3.63 |
| 1998 | -662.9% | 0.5322 | -3 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -1.64 | -3.02 | 0.5322 | 9 |
| 2000s | -1.55 | -3.63 | -0.2032 | 10 |
| 2010s | -1.25 | -2.82 | -0.0515 | 10 |
| 2020s | -3.05 | -4.91 | -1.85 | 10 |
| 2030s | -2.87 | -2.87 | -2.87 | 1 |
Countries ranked near Madagascar
More external debt data for Madagascar
- Net financial flows, IBRD 0 NFL, current US$ (2000)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per capita 1.14 NFL, US$ per person (2024)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per unit of GDP 0.0021 NFL, US$ per US$ of GDP (2024)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per square kilometre 43.93 NFL, US$ per square kilometre (2023)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per capita 10.45 NFL, current US$ per person (2024)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per unit of GDP 0.019 NFL, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per square kilometre 565.13 NFL, current US$ per square kilometre (2023)
- Use of IMF credit 1.48 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
- External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) 5.67 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
- External debt stocks, long-term 6.15 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Madagascar?
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Madagascar was -2.87 in 2030, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Madagascar?
- The highest recorded value was 0.5322 in 1997.
- What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Madagascar?
- The lowest recorded value was -4.91 in 2022.
- How does Madagascar rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
- Madagascar ranks 164th out of 188 countries with data for 2030.
- Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in Madagascar?
- Over the last ten years it is up 11.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Madagascar data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Fiscal Monitor (FM) 2025 October