Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP in Spain
Spain: Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP was 80.43 in 2030. ▲ Rising
Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP in Spain, 1991–2030
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
Spain recorded 80.43 for net debt, general government, percent of gdp in 2030.
That represents a change of down 1.3% on the previous year and down 21.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net debt, general government, percent of gdp in Spain peaked at 101.97 in 2020 and was at its lowest, 22.38, in 2007.
That places Spain 9th out of 90 countries with data for 2030, putting it in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 40 years of available data.
Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP in Spain, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 29.2 | — |
| 1992 | 31.62 | +8.3% |
| 1993 | 36.27 | +14.7% |
| 1994 | 41.58 | +14.6% |
| 1995 | 52.46 | +26.2% |
| 1996 | 55.97 | +6.7% |
| 1997 | 55.98 | +0.0% |
| 1998 | 53.71 | -4.1% |
| 1999 | 51.23 | -4.6% |
| 2000 | 47.24 | -7.8% |
| 2001 | 44.41 | -6.0% |
| 2002 | 40.97 | -7.7% |
| 2003 | 38.51 | -6.0% |
| 2004 | 35.83 | -7.0% |
| 2005 | 31.79 | -11.3% |
| 2006 | 26.75 | -15.8% |
| 2007 | 22.38 | -16.3% |
| 2008 | 25.34 | +13.2% |
| 2009 | 36.46 | +43.9% |
| 2010 | 45.79 | +25.6% |
| 2011 | 56.12 | +22.6% |
| 2012 | 72.09 | +28.5% |
| 2013 | 81.29 | +12.8% |
| 2014 | 85.66 | +5.4% |
| 2015 | 85.25 | -0.5% |
| 2016 | 86.4 | +1.3% |
| 2017 | 85.55 | -1.0% |
| 2018 | 84.23 | -1.5% |
| 2019 | 83.07 | -1.4% |
| 2020 | 101.97 | +22.7% |
| 2021 | 97.39 | -4.5% |
| 2022 | 92.07 | -5.5% |
| 2023 | 89.61 | -2.7% |
| 2024 | 87.29 | -2.6% |
| 2025 | 85.83 | -1.7% |
| 2026 | 84.62 | -1.4% |
| 2027 | 83.31 | -1.5% |
| 2028 | 82.45 | -1.0% |
| 2029 | 81.47 | -1.2% |
| 2030 | 80.43 | -1.3% |
Spain compared with similar countries
- Spain's 80.43 is above the median for high income countries, which is 45.47, 1.8× the median. (48 countries reporting)
- Spain's 80.43 is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 46.85, 1.7× the median. (35 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP in Spain changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | +43.9% | 25.34 | 36.46 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 45.34 | 29.2 | 55.98 | 9 |
| 2000s | 34.97 | 22.38 | 47.24 | 10 |
| 2010s | 76.55 | 45.79 | 86.4 | 10 |
| 2020s | 88.6 | 81.47 | 101.97 | 10 |
| 2030s | 80.43 | 80.43 | 80.43 | 1 |
Countries ranked near Spain
- 6 United Kingdom 96.44 compare
- 7 Bolivia 91.84 compare
- 8 South Africa 83.93 compare
- 10 Algeria 77.95 compare
- 11 Barbados 76 compare
- 12 Saint Kitts and Nevis 75.37 compare
More external debt data for Spain
- Other investment, Debt instruments 1.18 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 24.9 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 727.36 billion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 23,915 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 0.6191 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 130.05 billion (2024)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -2.02 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 27.17 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government 0.6025 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 14,737 US dollar per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net debt, general government, percent of gdp in Spain?
- Net debt, general government, percent of gdp in Spain was 80.43 in 2030, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest net debt, general government, percent of gdp recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 101.97 in 2020.
- What is the lowest net debt, general government, percent of gdp recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 22.38 in 2007.
- How does Spain rank for net debt, general government, percent of gdp?
- Spain ranks 9th out of 90 countries with data for 2030.
- Is net debt, general government, percent of gdp rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is down 21.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Net debt, General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Fiscal Monitor (FM) 2025 October