Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Estonia

Estonia: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic was -1.99 billion in 2031. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2031)
-1.99 billion
Change on year
down 3.4%
World rank
4th
of 26 countries
All-time high
410.61 million
in 2007
All-time low
-2.09 billion
in 2027
Years of data
37
1995–2031

Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Estonia, 1995–2031

-2.0B-1.0B01995201320311995: -7.4M1996: -34.3M1997: 136.2M1998: 33.0M1999: -184.9M2000: -6.9M2001: 27.9M2002: 23.0M2003: 145.7M2004: 223.6M2005: 120.8M2006: 367.3M2007: 410.6M2008: -485.6M2009: -484.5M2010: -160.4M2011: 14.4M2012: -154.8M2013: -127.3M2014: 84.6M2015: -50.9M2016: -137.2M2017: -259.2M2018: -303.1M2019: -31.1M2020: -1.5B2021: -808.1M2022: -391.6M2023: -1.2B2024: -613.8M2025: -554.1M2026: -2.0B2027: -2.1B2028: -2.1B2029: -1.8B2030: -1.9B2031: -2.0B

Source: International Monetary Fund.

Analysis

The most recent figure for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Estonia is -1.99 billion, measured in 2031.

The figure is down 3.4% on the previous year and down 146.2% over ten years.

Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Estonia peaked at 410.61 million in 2007 and was at its lowest, -2.09 billion, in 2027.

Estonia ranks 4th of 26 countries on this measure, in the top quarter.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Estonia, year by year

Annual values for Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025) in Estonia, 1995 to 2031.
Year Value Change
1995 -7.35 million
1996 -34.25 million +366.0%
1997 136.24 million -497.7%
1998 33.04 million -75.7%
1999 -184.90 million -659.6%
2000 -6.93 million -96.3%
2001 27.87 million -502.2%
2002 22.96 million -17.6%
2003 145.66 million +534.4%
2004 223.56 million +53.5%
2005 120.84 million -45.9%
2006 367.27 million +203.9%
2007 410.61 million +11.8%
2008 -485.58 million -218.3%
2009 -484.52 million -0.2%
2010 -160.38 million -66.9%
2011 14.35 million -108.9%
2012 -154.81 million -1178.6%
2013 -127.31 million -17.8%
2014 84.57 million -166.4%
2015 -50.93 million -160.2%
2016 -137.20 million +169.4%
2017 -259.19 million +88.9%
2018 -303.09 million +16.9%
2019 -31.15 million -89.7%
2020 -1.51 billion +4751.3%
2021 -808.13 million -46.5%
2022 -391.65 million -51.5%
2023 -1.18 billion +200.3%
2024 -613.84 million -47.8%
2025 -554.14 million -9.7%
2026 -1.96 billion +253.2%
2027 -2.09 billion +7.0%
2028 -2.06 billion -1.9%
2029 -1.83 billion -10.8%
2030 -1.92 billion +4.9%
2031 -1.99 billion +3.4%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s -11.44 million -184.90 million 136.24 million 5
2000s 34.17 million -485.58 million 410.61 million 10
2010s -112.51 million -303.09 million 84.57 million 10
2020s -1.30 billion -2.09 billion -391.65 million 10
2030s -1.96 billion -1.99 billion -1.92 billion 2

Countries ranked near Estonia

  1. 1 United Arab Emirates 134.37 billion compare
  2. 2 Singapore 19.30 billion compare
  3. 3 Montenegro -490.61 million compare
  4. 5 Latvia -2.37 billion compare
  5. 6 Brunei -2.41 billion compare
  6. 7 Ecuador -3.76 billion compare

See the full ranking of 26 places →

More external debt data for Estonia

All data for Estonia →

Frequently asked questions

What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Estonia?
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Estonia was -1.99 billion in 2031, according to International Monetary Fund.
What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic recorded in Estonia?
The highest recorded value was 410.61 million in 2007.
What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic recorded in Estonia?
The lowest recorded value was -2.09 billion in 2027.
How does Estonia rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic?
Estonia ranks 4th out of 26 countries with data for 2031.
Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic rising or falling in Estonia?
Over the last ten years it is down 146.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Estonia data come from?
The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Estonia. Statizoid, drawing on International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 02 September 2026, from https://debt.statizoid.com/stat/net-lending-net-borrowing-general-government-domestic-currency-9-26-2025/estonia/

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About this data

Indicator
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025)
Source
International Monetary Fund
Licence
IMF Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage
26 places, 1,076 data points, 1980–2031
Last refreshed

The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database is created during the biannual WEO exercise, which begins in January and June of each year and results in the April and September/October WEO publication. Selected series from the publication are available in a database format.