Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Japan
Japan: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic was -31.56 trillion in 2031. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2031)
-31.56 trillion
Change on year
down 12.3%
World rank
23rd
of 26 countries
All-time high
9.04 trillion
in 1990
All-time low
-53.85 trillion
in 1998
Years of data
52
1980–2031
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Japan, 1980–2031
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
In 2031, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Japan stood at -31.56 trillion.
The figure is down 12.3% on the previous year and up 13.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Japan peaked at 9.04 trillion in 1990 and was at its lowest, -53.85 trillion, in 1998.
That places Japan 23rd out of 26 countries with data for 2031, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic in Japan, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1980 | -11.31 trillion | — |
| 1981 | -10.58 trillion | -6.4% |
| 1982 | -11.00 trillion | +4.0% |
| 1983 | -11.91 trillion | +8.3% |
| 1984 | -8.39 trillion | -29.6% |
| 1985 | -4.67 trillion | -44.4% |
| 1986 | -4.87 trillion | +4.3% |
| 1987 | -1.34 trillion | -72.4% |
| 1988 | 1.98 trillion | -247.7% |
| 1989 | 5.28 trillion | +166.6% |
| 1990 | 9.04 trillion | +71.1% |
| 1991 | 8.23 trillion | -8.9% |
| 1992 | 2.90 trillion | -64.8% |
| 1993 | -12.06 trillion | -516.6% |
| 1994 | -19.29 trillion | +59.9% |
| 1995 | -22.41 trillion | +16.2% |
| 1996 | -25.97 trillion | +15.9% |
| 1997 | -19.06 trillion | -26.6% |
| 1998 | -53.85 trillion | +182.6% |
| 1999 | -35.65 trillion | -33.8% |
| 2000 | -38.98 trillion | +9.3% |
| 2001 | -32.95 trillion | -15.5% |
| 2002 | -38.43 trillion | +16.6% |
| 2003 | -38.95 trillion | +1.3% |
| 2004 | -28.13 trillion | -27.8% |
| 2005 | -23.60 trillion | -16.1% |
| 2006 | -16.19 trillion | -31.4% |
| 2007 | -15.56 trillion | -3.9% |
| 2008 | -21.69 trillion | +39.4% |
| 2009 | -48.06 trillion | +121.6% |
| 2010 | -46.18 trillion | -3.9% |
| 2011 | -45.20 trillion | -2.1% |
| 2012 | -41.56 trillion | -8.0% |
| 2013 | -39.21 trillion | -5.7% |
| 2014 | -29.48 trillion | -24.8% |
| 2015 | -19.98 trillion | -32.2% |
| 2016 | -19.88 trillion | -0.5% |
| 2017 | -17.23 trillion | -13.3% |
| 2018 | -13.90 trillion | -19.3% |
| 2019 | -17.41 trillion | +25.3% |
| 2020 | -50.07 trillion | +187.5% |
| 2021 | -36.27 trillion | -27.6% |
| 2022 | -24.73 trillion | -31.8% |
| 2023 | -14.75 trillion | -40.3% |
| 2024 | -10.58 trillion | -28.3% |
| 2025 | -6.99 trillion | -33.9% |
| 2026 | -13.86 trillion | +98.2% |
| 2027 | -16.56 trillion | +19.5% |
| 2028 | -21.19 trillion | +27.9% |
| 2029 | -24.32 trillion | +14.8% |
| 2030 | -28.11 trillion | +15.6% |
| 2031 | -31.56 trillion | +12.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | -5.68 trillion | -11.91 trillion | 5.28 trillion | 10 |
| 1990s | -16.81 trillion | -53.85 trillion | 9.04 trillion | 10 |
| 2000s | -30.26 trillion | -48.06 trillion | -15.56 trillion | 10 |
| 2010s | -29.00 trillion | -46.18 trillion | -13.90 trillion | 10 |
| 2020s | -21.93 trillion | -50.07 trillion | -6.99 trillion | 10 |
| 2030s | -29.83 trillion | -31.56 trillion | -28.11 trillion | 2 |
Countries ranked near Japan
More external debt data for Japan
- Other investment, Debt instruments 2.12 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 3.7 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 1.10 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 17,154 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 0.4772 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 2.04 trillion (2025)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -4.4 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 2.2 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government -2.48 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 8,935 US dollar per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Japan?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic in Japan was -31.56 trillion in 2031, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic recorded in Japan?
- The highest recorded value was 9.04 trillion in 1990.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic recorded in Japan?
- The lowest recorded value was -53.85 trillion in 1998.
- How does Japan rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic?
- Japan ranks 23rd out of 26 countries with data for 2031.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government, domestic rising or falling in Japan?
- Over the last ten years it is up 13.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Japan data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Domestic currency (9/26/2025). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database is created during the biannual WEO exercise, which begins in January and June of each year and results in the April and September/October WEO publication. Selected series from the publication are available in a database format.