Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions in United States of America
United States of America: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions was -2.29 trillion in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions in United States of America, 2001–2025
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
The most recent figure for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions in United States of America is -2.29 trillion, measured in 2025.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 3.3% on the previous year and down 169.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions in United States of America peaked at -201.39 billion in 2001 and was at its lowest, -3.20 trillion, in 2020.
That places United States of America 33rd out of 35 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions in United States of America, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2001 | -201.39 billion | — |
| 2002 | -585.03 billion | +190.5% |
| 2003 | -742.54 billion | +26.9% |
| 2004 | -714.17 billion | -3.8% |
| 2005 | -592.55 billion | -17.0% |
| 2006 | -474.39 billion | -19.9% |
| 2007 | -591.94 billion | +24.8% |
| 2008 | -1.10 trillion | +86.4% |
| 2009 | -1.91 trillion | +73.4% |
| 2010 | -1.88 trillion | -1.6% |
| 2011 | -1.73 trillion | -8.1% |
| 2012 | -1.51 trillion | -12.6% |
| 2013 | -997.30 billion | -34.0% |
| 2014 | -921.73 billion | -7.6% |
| 2015 | -849.50 billion | -7.8% |
| 2016 | -1.02 trillion | +19.9% |
| 2017 | -868.34 billion | -14.8% |
| 2018 | -1.26 trillion | +45.6% |
| 2019 | -1.44 trillion | +14.3% |
| 2020 | -3.20 trillion | +121.6% |
| 2021 | -2.83 trillion | -11.5% |
| 2022 | -968.78 billion | -65.8% |
| 2023 | -2.22 trillion | +129.4% |
| 2024 | -2.37 trillion | +6.5% |
| 2025 | -2.29 trillion | -3.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | -768.73 billion | -1.91 trillion | -201.39 billion | 9 |
| 2010s | -1.25 trillion | -1.88 trillion | -849.50 billion | 10 |
| 2020s | -2.31 trillion | -3.20 trillion | -968.78 billion | 6 |
Countries ranked near United States of America
More external debt data for United States of America
- Other investment, Debt instruments 6.50 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 16.14 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 2.69 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 19,013 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 0.2112 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 3.53 trillion (2025)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -7.59 (2030)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government -3.44 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Other sectors 3.74 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Gross debt, General government, Percent of fiscal year GDP 105.15 (2015)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions in United States of America?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions in United States of America was -2.29 trillion in 2025, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions recorded in United States of America?
- The highest recorded value was -201.39 billion in 2001.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions recorded in United States of America?
- The lowest recorded value was -3.20 trillion in 2020.
- How does United States of America rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions?
- United States of America ranks 33rd out of 35 countries with data for 2025.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions rising or falling in United States of America?
- Over the last ten years it is down 169.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this United States of America data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions (Statement of operations, General government). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 25 observations, free to reuse under IMF Terms and Conditions (attribution required).
About this data
The Government Finance Statistics (GFS) includes government revenues and expenditures, government net lending / net borrowing (the surplus / deficit) financing transactions and balance sheet data on government assets and liabilities. Statistics are available for different levels of government including budgetary central government, central government and general government.