Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions (Statement of operations, General government) by country
The Government Finance Statistics (GFS) includes government revenues and expenditures, government net lending / net borrowing (the surplus / deficit) financing transactions and balance sheet data on government assets and liabilities. Statistics are available for different levels of government including budgetary...
What the numbers show
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions (Statement of operations, General government) is currently reported for 35 countries. The highest value is 571.60 billion in Norway; the lowest is -94,069.20 trillion in Colombia.
The median across all reporting countries is -33.22 billion, and the mean is -2,687.95 trillion.
Over the past decade 7 countries rose and 27 fell. The largest increase was in Cyprus (up 999.8%), and the largest decrease in Canada (down 33,131.0%).
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Norway | 571.60 billion | 2025 | up 205.4% | volatile |
| 2 | Denmark | 88.45 billion | 2025 | up 586.8% | volatile |
| 3 | Ireland | 11.22 billion | 2025 | up 308.9% | volatile |
| 4 | Greece | 3.18 billion | 2024 | up 147.9% | volatile |
| 5 | Portugal | 2.06 billion | 2025 | up 125.7% | volatile |
| 6 | Cyprus | 1.24 billion | 2025 | up 999.8% | volatile |
| 7 | Malta | -545.26 million | 2025 | down 536.1% | volatile |
| 8 | Latvia | -731.89 million | 2024 | down 88.8% | volatile |
| 9 | Estonia | -825.10 million | 2025 | down 1,674.6% | volatile |
| 10 | Lithuania | -1.54 billion | 2025 | down 435.1% | volatile |
| 11 | Luxembourg | -1.76 billion | 2025 | down 343.1% | volatile |
| 12 | Slovenia | -1.79 billion | 2025 | down 63.5% | volatile |
| 13 | Bulgaria | -4.11 billion | 2025 | down 383.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Slovakia | -6.09 billion | 2025 | down 172.2% | volatile |
| 15 | Finland | -9.61 billion | 2025 | down 88.5% | volatile |
| 16 | Netherlands | -18.74 billion | 2025 | down 46.0% | volatile |
| 17 | Austria | -21.46 billion | 2025 | down 1,215.6% | volatile |
| 18 | Belgium | -33.22 billion | 2025 | down 223.0% | volatile |
| 19 | Spain | -40.33 billion | 2025 | up 29.6% | volatile |
| 20 | Canada | -55.83 billion | 2025 | down 33,131.0% | volatile |
| 21 | Italy | -69.38 billion | 2025 | down 69.6% | volatile |
| 22 | Australia | -77.35 billion | 2025 | down 61.0% | volatile |
| 23 | Sweden | -84.72 billion | 2025 | down 593.2% | volatile |
| 24 | Germany | -119.15 billion | 2025 | down 521.9% | volatile |
| 25 | Iceland | -137.03 billion | 2025 | down 3,957.4% | volatile |
| 26 | Romania | -151.06 billion | 2025 | down 3,962.0% | volatile |
| 27 | France | -152.51 billion | 2025 | down 78.0% | volatile |
| 28 | Czechia | -183.74 billion | 2025 | down 493.3% | volatile |
| 29 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | -199.24 billion | 2025 | down 77.5% | volatile |
| 30 | Poland | -283.97 billion | 2025 | down 504.8% | volatile |
| 31 | Türkiye | -662.17 billion | 2025 | down 6,348.2% | volatile |
| 32 | Brazil | -938.35 billion | 2025 | down 68.6% | volatile |
| 33 | United States of America | -2.29 trillion | 2025 | down 169.4% | volatile |
| 34 | Hungary | -4.06 trillion | 2025 | down 479.3% | volatile |
| 35 | Colombia | -94,069.20 trillion | 2025 | — | volatile |
About this data
The Government Finance Statistics (GFS) includes government revenues and expenditures, government net lending / net borrowing (the surplus / deficit) financing transactions and balance sheet data on government assets and liabilities. Statistics are available for different levels of government including budgetary central government, central government and general government.