Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions was -199.24 billion in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1999–2025
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
In 2025, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland stood at -199.24 billion.
The figure is up 9.4% on the previous year and down 77.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland peaked at -16.16 billion in 2000 and was at its lowest, -316.16 billion, in 2020.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ranks 29th of 35 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1999 | -20.77 billion | — |
| 2000 | -16.16 billion | -22.2% |
| 2001 | -29.34 billion | +81.6% |
| 2002 | -58.29 billion | +98.7% |
| 2003 | -77.37 billion | +32.7% |
| 2004 | -82.13 billion | +6.2% |
| 2005 | -86.18 billion | +4.9% |
| 2006 | -85.02 billion | -1.3% |
| 2007 | -88.26 billion | +3.8% |
| 2008 | -132.89 billion | +50.6% |
| 2009 | -207.96 billion | +56.5% |
| 2010 | -104.54 billion | -49.7% |
| 2011 | -170.69 billion | +63.3% |
| 2012 | -180.81 billion | +5.9% |
| 2013 | -122.87 billion | -32.0% |
| 2014 | -129.37 billion | +5.3% |
| 2015 | -112.22 billion | -13.3% |
| 2016 | -86.34 billion | -23.1% |
| 2017 | -83.17 billion | -3.7% |
| 2018 | -96.59 billion | +16.1% |
| 2019 | -95.01 billion | -1.6% |
| 2020 | -316.16 billion | +232.8% |
| 2021 | -215.02 billion | -32.0% |
| 2022 | -160.49 billion | -25.4% |
| 2023 | -209.36 billion | +30.4% |
| 2024 | -219.94 billion | +5.1% |
| 2025 | -199.24 billion | -9.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -20.77 billion | -20.77 billion | -20.77 billion | 1 |
| 2000s | -86.36 billion | -207.96 billion | -16.16 billion | 10 |
| 2010s | -118.16 billion | -180.81 billion | -83.17 billion | 10 |
| 2020s | -220.03 billion | -316.16 billion | -160.49 billion | 6 |
Countries ranked near United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
More external debt data for United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Other investment, Debt instruments 7.66 trillion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 13.08 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 1.46 trillion US dollar (1998)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 110,234 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 1.91 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -2.24 (2030)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government 0.6703 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Other sectors 366.21 billion US dollar (1998)
- Gross debt, General government, Percent of fiscal year GDP 88.98 (2015)
- Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP 105.42 (2030)
All data for United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland →
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was -199.24 billion in 2025, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions recorded in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- The highest recorded value was -16.16 billion in 2000.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions recorded in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- The lowest recorded value was -316.16 billion in 2020.
- How does United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions?
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ranks 29th out of 35 countries with data for 2025.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), transactions rising or falling in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- Over the last ten years it is down 77.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Transactions (Statement of operations, General government). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The Government Finance Statistics (GFS) includes government revenues and expenditures, government net lending / net borrowing (the surplus / deficit) financing transactions and balance sheet data on government assets and liabilities. Statistics are available for different levels of government including budgetary central government, central government and general government.