Portfolio investment, Debt securities (Assets, Positions, US dollar) in Romania
Romania: Portfolio investment, Debt securities (Assets, Positions, US dollar) was 9.43 billion US dollar in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Portfolio investment, Debt securities in Romania, 1990–2025
Source: International Monetary Fund. Measured in US dollar.
Analysis
In 2025, portfolio investment, debt securities in Romania stood at 9.43 billion US dollar. That is the highest value across all 36 years on record.
The figure is up 22.2% on the previous year and up 405.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, portfolio investment, debt securities in Romania peaked at 9.43 billion US dollar in 2025 and was at its lowest, 100,000 US dollar, in 1990.
That places Romania 60th out of 161 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Portfolio investment, Debt securities (Assets, Positions, US dollar) in Romania, year by year
| Year | US dollar | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 100,000 US dollar | — |
| 1991 | 100,000 US dollar | +0.0% |
| 1992 | 11.10 million US dollar | +11000.0% |
| 1993 | 84.00 million US dollar | +656.8% |
| 1994 | 2.90 million US dollar | -96.5% |
| 1995 | 13.20 million US dollar | +355.2% |
| 1996 | 13.10 million US dollar | -0.8% |
| 1997 | 50.42 million US dollar | +284.8% |
| 1998 | 51.36 million US dollar | +1.9% |
| 1999 | 34.14 million US dollar | -33.5% |
| 2000 | 5.76 million US dollar | -83.1% |
| 2001 | 10.71 million US dollar | +85.9% |
| 2002 | 3.65 million US dollar | -65.9% |
| 2003 | 3.60 million US dollar | -1.5% |
| 2004 | 576.24 million US dollar | +15928.4% |
| 2005 | 550.23 million US dollar | -4.5% |
| 2006 | 1.07 billion US dollar | +94.4% |
| 2007 | 787.74 million US dollar | -26.3% |
| 2008 | 738.83 million US dollar | -6.2% |
| 2009 | 1.14 billion US dollar | +53.9% |
| 2010 | 1.33 billion US dollar | +17.3% |
| 2011 | 1.14 billion US dollar | -14.4% |
| 2012 | 1.51 billion US dollar | +32.1% |
| 2013 | 2.05 billion US dollar | +35.5% |
| 2014 | 1.95 billion US dollar | -4.5% |
| 2015 | 1.87 billion US dollar | -4.5% |
| 2016 | 2.03 billion US dollar | +8.8% |
| 2017 | 2.72 billion US dollar | +34.1% |
| 2018 | 3.11 billion US dollar | +14.5% |
| 2019 | 4.44 billion US dollar | +42.6% |
| 2020 | 4.35 billion US dollar | -2.1% |
| 2021 | 5.68 billion US dollar | +30.8% |
| 2022 | 5.84 billion US dollar | +2.8% |
| 2023 | 8.02 billion US dollar | +37.3% |
| 2024 | 7.71 billion US dollar | -3.9% |
| 2025 | 9.43 billion US dollar | +22.2% |
Romania compared with similar countries
- Romania's 9.43 billion US dollar is below the median for high income countries, which is 34.64 billion US dollar, 27% of the median. (63 countries reporting)
- Romania's 9.43 billion US dollar is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 23.27 billion US dollar, 41% of the median. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Portfolio investment, Debt securities (Assets, Positions, US dollar) in Romania changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | +15928.4% | 3.60 million US dollar | 576.24 million US dollar |
| 1992 | +11000.0% | 100,000 US dollar | 11.10 million US dollar |
| 1993 | +656.8% | 11.10 million US dollar | 84.00 million US dollar |
| 1995 | +355.2% | 2.90 million US dollar | 13.20 million US dollar |
| 1997 | +284.8% | 13.10 million US dollar | 50.42 million US dollar |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 26.04 million US dollar | 100,000 US dollar | 84.00 million US dollar | 10 |
| 2000s | 488.35 million US dollar | 3.60 million US dollar | 1.14 billion US dollar | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.22 billion US dollar | 1.14 billion US dollar | 4.44 billion US dollar | 10 |
| 2020s | 6.84 billion US dollar | 4.35 billion US dollar | 9.43 billion US dollar | 6 |
Countries ranked near Romania
More external debt data for Romania
- Other investment, Debt instruments 51.38 billion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 12.98 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 15.31 billion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 2,701 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 0.1198 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Liabilities, International Liquidity, Liabilities to Nonresidents 17.75 billion (2025)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -5.04 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 20.29 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government -2.12 (2030)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 804.67 US dollar per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is portfolio investment, debt securities in Romania?
- Portfolio investment, debt securities in Romania was 9.43 billion US dollar in 2025, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest portfolio investment, debt securities recorded in Romania?
- The highest recorded value was 9.43 billion US dollar in 2025.
- What is the lowest portfolio investment, debt securities recorded in Romania?
- The lowest recorded value was 100,000 US dollar in 1990.
- How does Romania rank for portfolio investment, debt securities?
- Romania ranks 60th out of 161 countries with data for 2025.
- Is portfolio investment, debt securities rising or falling in Romania?
- Over the last ten years it is up 405.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Romania data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Portfolio investment, Debt securities (Assets, Positions, US dollar). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The International Investment Position (IIP) is a statistical statement that shows at a point in time the value of financial assets of residents of an economy that are claims on nonresidents or are gold bullion held as reserve assets; and the liabilities of residents of an economy to nonresidents.