Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government was -2.1 in 2031. ◆ Volatile
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Saudi Arabia, 1991–2031
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
The most recent figure for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Saudi Arabia is -2.1, measured in 2031.
That represents a change of up 6.8% on the previous year and down 16.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Saudi Arabia peaked at 28.57 in 2008 and was at its lowest, -16.85, in 2015.
Saudi Arabia ranks 18th of 24 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Saudi Arabia, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | -4.37 | — |
| 1992 | -7.77 | +77.8% |
| 1993 | -8.61 | +10.8% |
| 1994 | -7 | -18.7% |
| 1995 | -2.78 | -60.2% |
| 1996 | -0.5997 | -78.4% |
| 1997 | 0.152 | -125.3% |
| 1998 | -7.49 | -5030.4% |
| 1999 | -3.14 | -58.1% |
| 2000 | 6.57 | -309.1% |
| 2001 | -0.5292 | -108.1% |
| 2002 | -2.98 | +463.9% |
| 2003 | 3.82 | -228.0% |
| 2004 | 11.36 | +197.3% |
| 2005 | 18.77 | +65.3% |
| 2006 | 21.3 | +13.5% |
| 2007 | 10.82 | -49.2% |
| 2008 | 28.57 | +164.0% |
| 2009 | -5.53 | -119.4% |
| 2010 | 4.73 | -185.5% |
| 2011 | 11.46 | +142.2% |
| 2012 | 11.47 | +0.2% |
| 2013 | 5.01 | -56.3% |
| 2014 | -4.08 | -181.4% |
| 2015 | -16.85 | +312.8% |
| 2016 | -15.97 | -5.2% |
| 2017 | -10.87 | -31.9% |
| 2018 | -5.77 | -46.9% |
| 2019 | -3.99 | -30.7% |
| 2020 | -11.94 | +198.9% |
| 2021 | -1.79 | -85.0% |
| 2022 | 2.12 | -218.1% |
| 2023 | -1.78 | -184.3% |
| 2024 | -2.37 | +32.8% |
| 2025 | -5.54 | +133.9% |
| 2026 | -3.02 | -45.5% |
| 2027 | -2.83 | -6.4% |
| 2028 | -2.85 | +0.7% |
| 2029 | -2.5 | -12.2% |
| 2030 | -2.25 | -10.0% |
| 2031 | -2.1 | -6.8% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -4.62 | -8.61 | 0.152 | 9 |
| 2000s | 9.22 | -5.53 | 28.57 | 10 |
| 2010s | -2.49 | -16.85 | 11.47 | 10 |
| 2020s | -3.25 | -11.94 | 2.12 | 10 |
| 2030s | -2.17 | -2.25 | -2.1 | 2 |
Countries ranked near Saudi Arabia
More external debt data for Saudi Arabia
- Other investment, Debt instruments 379.95 billion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 7.43 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 10,276 US dollar per person (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 0.2975 US dollar per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of -3.37 (2030)
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government -2.32 (2030)
- Gross debt, General government, Percent of fiscal year GDP 5.01 (2015)
- Gross debt, General government, Percent of GDP 40.67 (2030)
- Portfolio investment, Debt securities 74.10 billion US dollar (2025)
- Direct investment, Net (net acquisition of financial assets less net) 6.27 billion (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Saudi Arabia?
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Saudi Arabia was -2.1 in 2031, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Saudi Arabia?
- The highest recorded value was 28.57 in 2008.
- What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Saudi Arabia?
- The lowest recorded value was -16.85 in 2015.
- How does Saudi Arabia rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
- Saudi Arabia ranks 18th out of 24 countries with data for 2031.
- Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in Saudi Arabia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 16.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Saudi Arabia data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of GDP (9/26/2025). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 41 observations, free to reuse under IMF Terms and Conditions (attribution required).
About this data
The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database is created during the biannual WEO exercise, which begins in January and June of each year and results in the April and September/October WEO publication. Selected series from the publication are available in a database format.