Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Ethiopia
Ethiopia: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP was -0.191 in 2030. ◆ Volatile
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Ethiopia, 1991–2030
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
In 2030, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Ethiopia stood at -0.191.
The figure is up 31.8% on the previous year and up 91.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Ethiopia peaked at -0.1147 in 1997 and was at its lowest, -7.21, in 2000.
Ethiopia ranks 89th of 188 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Ethiopia, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | -4.91 | — |
| 1992 | -3.77 | -23.3% |
| 1993 | -2.64 | -29.9% |
| 1994 | -2.92 | +10.5% |
| 1995 | -0.9859 | -66.3% |
| 1996 | -2.16 | +119.4% |
| 1997 | -0.1147 | -94.7% |
| 1998 | -2.01 | +1652.3% |
| 1999 | -6.55 | +226.1% |
| 2000 | -7.21 | +10.0% |
| 2001 | -2.19 | -69.7% |
| 2002 | -4.27 | +95.2% |
| 2003 | -3.95 | -7.5% |
| 2004 | -1.42 | -64.1% |
| 2005 | -3.18 | +124.6% |
| 2006 | -2.99 | -5.9% |
| 2007 | -2.87 | -4.1% |
| 2008 | -2.43 | -15.4% |
| 2009 | -0.5512 | -77.3% |
| 2010 | -0.9094 | +65.0% |
| 2011 | -1.24 | +35.9% |
| 2012 | -0.8735 | -29.3% |
| 2013 | -1.59 | +82.3% |
| 2014 | -2.22 | +39.7% |
| 2015 | -1.54 | -31.0% |
| 2016 | -1.84 | +19.8% |
| 2017 | -2.79 | +51.9% |
| 2018 | -2.5 | -10.4% |
| 2019 | -2.03 | -18.9% |
| 2020 | -2.36 | +16.5% |
| 2021 | -2.21 | -6.4% |
| 2022 | -3.53 | +59.6% |
| 2023 | -1.97 | -44.1% |
| 2024 | -1.4 | -28.9% |
| 2025 | -0.4666 | -66.7% |
| 2026 | -0.4846 | +3.9% |
| 2027 | -0.5879 | +21.3% |
| 2028 | -0.5795 | -1.4% |
| 2029 | -0.2801 | -51.7% |
| 2030 | -0.191 | -31.8% |
Ethiopia compared with similar countries
- Ethiopia's -0.191 is above the median for low income countries, which is -0.485, 39% of the median. (24 countries reporting)
- Ethiopia's -0.191 is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is -0.1097, 1.7× the median. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) … Primary Percent GDP in Ethiopia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | -1652.3% | -0.1147 | -2.01 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -2.9 | -6.55 | -0.1147 | 9 |
| 2000s | -3.1 | -7.21 | -0.5512 | 10 |
| 2010s | -1.75 | -2.79 | -0.8735 | 10 |
| 2020s | -1.39 | -3.53 | -0.2801 | 10 |
| 2030s | -0.191 | -0.191 | -0.191 | 1 |
Countries ranked near Ethiopia
More external debt data for Ethiopia
- Net financial flows, IBRD -4.01 million NFL, current US$ (1995)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per capita 0.175 NFL, US$ per person (2024)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per unit of GDP 0.0002 NFL, US$ per US$ of GDP (2024)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, US$), per square kilometre 66.46 NFL, US$ per square kilometre (2023)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per capita 8.58 NFL, current US$ per person (2024)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per unit of GDP 0.0076 NFL, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per square kilometre 598.11 NFL, current US$ per square kilometre (2023)
- Use of IMF credit 2.72 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
- External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) 36.31 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
- External debt stocks, long-term 36.31 billion DOD, current US$ (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Ethiopia?
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Ethiopia was -0.191 in 2030, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Ethiopia?
- The highest recorded value was -0.1147 in 1997.
- What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Ethiopia?
- The lowest recorded value was -7.21 in 2000.
- How does Ethiopia rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
- Ethiopia ranks 89th out of 188 countries with data for 2030.
- Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in Ethiopia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 91.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Ethiopia data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Fiscal Monitor (FM) 2025 October