Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Greece
Greece: Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government was 1.98 in 2030. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2030)
1.98
Change on year
up 3.1%
World rank
34th
of 188 countries
All-time high
4.8
in 2024
All-time low
-10.31
in 2009
Years of data
40
1991–2030
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Greece, 1991–2030
Source: International Monetary Fund.
Analysis
In 2030, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Greece stood at 1.98.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 3.1% on the previous year and up 126.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Greece peaked at 4.8 in 2024 and was at its lowest, -10.31, in 2009.
That places Greece 34th out of 188 countries with data for 2030, putting it in the top quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government in Greece, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | -3.21 | — |
| 1992 | -2.59 | -19.3% |
| 1993 | -2.75 | +5.9% |
| 1994 | 1.16 | -142.2% |
| 1995 | 0.9775 | -15.6% |
| 1996 | 2.15 | +119.8% |
| 1997 | 2.35 | +9.2% |
| 1998 | 1.48 | -36.9% |
| 1999 | 1.86 | +25.7% |
| 2000 | 2.89 | +55.6% |
| 2001 | 0.8458 | -70.8% |
| 2002 | -0.4682 | -155.4% |
| 2003 | -3.01 | +543.8% |
| 2004 | -4.15 | +37.5% |
| 2005 | -1.53 | -63.1% |
| 2006 | -1.55 | +1.7% |
| 2007 | -2.24 | +44.2% |
| 2008 | -5.43 | +142.5% |
| 2009 | -10.31 | +89.8% |
| 2010 | -5.32 | -48.5% |
| 2011 | -2.83 | -46.7% |
| 2012 | -1.52 | -46.5% |
| 2013 | 0.1053 | -106.9% |
| 2014 | -0.277 | -363.2% |
| 2015 | 0.5509 | -298.8% |
| 2016 | 3.5 | +534.8% |
| 2017 | 4.19 | +19.9% |
| 2018 | 4.14 | -1.2% |
| 2019 | 2.89 | -30.4% |
| 2020 | -7.38 | -355.8% |
| 2021 | -5.13 | -30.5% |
| 2022 | 0.0318 | -100.6% |
| 2023 | 2.03 | +6302.2% |
| 2024 | 4.8 | +136.1% |
| 2025 | 3.15 | -34.3% |
| 2026 | 2.31 | -26.6% |
| 2027 | 1.83 | -20.9% |
| 2028 | 1.82 | -0.3% |
| 2029 | 1.92 | +5.0% |
| 2030 | 1.98 | +3.1% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 0.1577 | -3.21 | 2.35 | 9 |
| 2000s | -2.5 | -10.31 | 2.89 | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.5432 | -5.32 | 4.19 | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.5387 | -7.38 | 4.8 | 10 |
| 2030s | 1.98 | 1.98 | 1.98 | 1 |
Countries ranked near Greece
More external debt data for Greece
- Net financial flows, IDA 0 NFL, current US$ (2009)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per capita 0 NFL, current US$ per person (2009)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per unit of GDP 0 NFL, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2009)
- Net financial flows, IBRD 0 NFL, current US$ (2009)
- Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$), per square kilometre 0 NFL, current US$ per square kilometre (2009)
- Net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$), annual growth rate 100 % change on previous year (1995)
- Other investment, Debt instruments 109.09 billion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 30.12 % change on previous year (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments, Deposit taking corporations 44.17 billion US dollar (2025)
- Other investment, Debt instruments (Assets, Positions, US dollar) 10,475 US dollar per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Greece?
- Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government in Greece was 1.98 in 2030, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Greece?
- The highest recorded value was 4.8 in 2024.
- What is the lowest primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government recorded in Greece?
- The lowest recorded value was -10.31 in 2009.
- How does Greece rank for primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government?
- Greece ranks 34th out of 188 countries with data for 2030.
- Is primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), general government rising or falling in Greece?
- Over the last ten years it is up 126.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Greece data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Primary net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), General government, Percent of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Fiscal Monitor (FM) 2025 October